Fracture

A fracture is a break in the structural continuity of a bone. It can range from a small crack to a complete break. A fracture can be caused by injury, overuse, or underlying conditions.

All personnel should keep in mind that a learner may have a fractured limb as a result of an injury that occurs while at school or home. Notify parents when an injury occurs.

School personnel cannot typically visualize a fracture unless the bone has broken through the skin.

Symptoms may include (non-inclusive):

• pain in one area
• swelling
• feeling “heat” in an injured area
• discoloration
• limited movement
• deformed limb or digit
• numbness or loss of sensation
• Even gentle pressure or movement causes pain
• The limb or joint appears deformed.

Actions 

• Rest the injured part by not allowing the learner to put weight on it or use it
• Gently support the injured part
• Apply ice (covered with a cloth) to minimize swelling
• Notify parents and contact EMS (if applicable)
• Notify the school nurse and document

Emergency signs and actions with suspected fractures requiring EMS notification:

• Use universal precautions if there's heavy bleeding
• The bone has broken the skin and is sticking out
• School personnel suspect a bone is broken in the neck, head or back
• The person with the suspected fracture doesn't respond to you, isn't breathing, or isn't moving